Tunɣilt n 17 Cutambir 2020 à 21:23 ssnfl AyourAchtouk (msawal \| tidrawin) 2 152 modifications Created page with "'''Tusnakt''' gan tt tussniwin timdwanin igan tayafut n tsɣẓan timẓẓulin mi ittug usnas ɣf tɣawsiwin imyallan zun d imḍann, unuɣn, tuskiwin d ismuttuyn. tga tusnak..."		Tunɣilt n 17 Cutambir 2020 à 22:31 ssnfl iwrri nn AyourAchtouk (msawal \| tidrawin) 2 152 modifications Aucun résumé des modifications Asntl igan amaynu →
Azrirg 1 : [[Afaylu:CMAP - Centre de Mathématiques Appliquées de l'Ecole polytechnique.jpg\|thumb\|299x299px\|Assɣẓn amusnakt f tflwit]] '''Tusnakt''' gan tt tussniwin timdwanin igan tayafut n tsɣẓan timẓẓulin mi ittug usnas ɣff tɣawsiwin imyallan zun d imḍann, unuɣn, tuskiwin d ismuttuyn. tga tusnakt~~, awd~~, igr n urzzu isbuɣlun tussniwin ad, d ~~awd~~ula iẓli tnt isslmadn. ~~tbḍa~~Tbḍa tusnakt ɣff kigan n iẓlan ~~amm~~zun d: tasnmḍant, aljibr, aslaḍ, tanzggit, tamẓla tusnaktant, atg. illa ~~awd~~ula yan usngiri gr tusnakt tazddagt d tusnakt tawsnast. ~~tmyalla~~Tmyalla tusnakt ɣff tmassanin yaḍn s uzday nns war anaw d tilawt acku ur daar ~~digs~~gis tettusmras tamawt d waram ɣff tɣawsiwin tigamanin. ~~tga~~Tga tusnakt tamdwant (tin twngimt) s uɣrud nns, iddɣ tɣsr ɣff igjda mi nttini timidiyin (anamk nns mas ur zrin igjda ad gɣ waram, waxxa aha ttyafrakn) nɣ ɣff tndagin ittwadggan ar kra n tizi yaḍn. daAr tzrri tinawt tamusnaktt nna mi ttinin, addag tzri, askkud, tasumrt, tamnzut,… kudnna iḍfr inaw tt issɣsrn d nna d issufɣn tidt nns ka n tuskiwt taɣẓnant mi nttini tasɣẓnt, nɣ askan amẓẓul. ~~tinawt~~Tinawt nna idusn , maka ur ta d iffiɣ is tga tidt, ar as nttini turda. ~~mqqar~~Mqqar akk gant tyafutin n tusnakt timiditin igan bahra talɣanin, daAr nn nttafa asnas nnsnt gɣ tiyyaḍ tussniwin d ~~awd~~ula gɣ yigran imyallan n tetiqnit. == Aẓur n wawal == [[Afaylu:Artgate Fondazione Cariplo - Cifrondi Antonio, Euclide.jpg\|thumb\|324x324px\|Uklid ( Euclide ) ]] '''Tusnakt''' tga yat tguri tamaynut lliɣ lan sin iwaliwn ilelliyen '''tussna''' d '''kti''' (tussna= ''science'', ket = ''mesurer''; tusnakt= science de mesure (mathématiques), tussna n wektay). == Amzruy == Nẓḍar ad nini mas isbuɣla ufgan tusnakt ur ta ttyafant tirra. tiɣawsiwin timzwura igan tugga f tsugar n ussiḍn gan tnt iɣryan n ussiḍn, zund iɣss n icangu (ɣ tfrikt) nna mi yaɣul usakud ar 20,000 n usggas. ittyaɣan usbuɣlu n tusnakt nna igan tussniwin ittusnkadn ɣ tɣrmiwin timzwura s usnas nns akmam: asɣnzi, aswuddu n tyafutin n tkrza, asɣil n tjummiwin, inɣmisn f tmsarin n tsnayrart, d idsnt tikkal asnas n izrfan isgdann. Isbuɣlutn imzwura nna tssn tusnakt izdin s ussufɣ n iẓuran imkkuẓn, iẓuran igasasan, afssay n tagdiwin tigtfulin, taktkrdist, assiḍn imrẓi, tasnmḍant n ummidn igamann... ttwaskarn ɣ tɣrmiwin n ikadyann, ibabiln, ijibtiyn, icinwitn nɣ ula ɣ wasif n hindus. Ɣ tɣrmiwin tigrikanin, ar trzzu tusnakt, nna ḍusnt twuriwin izwarn d iswingmn iflsafn, ad tawḍ uggar n tmadwant. ungimn n usiskn d usnml agjdan ttyasrasn. ffɣn d sin iẓlan imyallan, tasnmḍant d tnzggit. Ɣ tsuta tiss III ur ta ilul , gan igmamn n uklid tagḍwit i tussniwin n tusnakt n ugrik ssadsn tnt. Tiws tɣrma tanslmt ɣ wuḍuf n ukkusu agriki d usmrks nns d tyafutin ticinwiyin d thindiyin, s lawan akk ɣ tmtta n usnkd n imḍann. ttusmɣrnt twuriwin timusnakin ula ɣ umkraḍakt (asnkd n tsɣunin timkraḍaktanin) uggar n tsnmḍant. tettusnulfa day tettusmɣr tslḍt tamsuddst, taslḍt tazwilan d ljabr agtful. [[Afaylu:Image-Al-Kitāb al-muḫtaṣar fī ḥisāb al-ğabr wa-l-muqābala.jpg\|left\|thumb\|301x301px\|Yat tasna zɣ warratn n El Xawarizmi]] Ɣ «tlalit tamaynut n tsuta tiss XII », ittyaskar uzraw d usuɣl i kra n iḍrisn igrikitn d waɛrabn s tlattant. asiggl amusna innumms nn ɣ turuft. Ɣ tsuta tiss XVI tettusbuɣla, s ungmḍ d byir n la-rami (Pierre de La Ramée), tswingmt n is tlla yat tmassant tamaḍlant nna s nufa ad dars nsbdd tussniwin. yannay nn dikart zɣ 1629, ɣ ilugan i uswala n unlli, allfusn nna tettakka tusnakt afad ad turar tilalt ann. yuwi d dikart, ɣ inaw n tɣarast, alday n tusnakt, «s usrag n war turda d uman n tɣẓinin nns ». ar ittimɣur usiḍn n ljar ḍfrn tt s usrid twuriwin n byitt d tin dikart. day isnulfa nyuṭun d libniz asiḍn amziryan argaran. Ɣ tsuta tiss XVII, iɣḍf galili mas tga tusnakt imiss irwan i uglam n umaḍal agaman, aya nufa ad tt nssgzl d mas ttyaran ilgamn n ugama s yat tutlayt tamusnakt. ihi tskr tusnakt d twada tanaramt, yan zɣ sin iɣzdisn n tmrniwt n tussniwin titrarin. Ɣ taɣzi tasut tiss 18 d tiss XIX, tssn tusnakt yan ubuɣlu ḍart uzraw anagraw n tuskiwin, tssnti s tgrumma igan tayafut n twuriwin n galwa f tigda tigtfulin, d izbgan nna issnkd didkind. Tssn tsuta tiss XIX asbuɣlu n yat tẓri tagjdant, f tɣawsiwin akk ttuzrawnin, s twuri n kantur d hilbirt, iga tt usiggl n iskuttuyn imusnakn. tga tgjdant ad abrid nna ḍffrn tugt n imusnakn n tsuta tiss 20 fara ad rzun ad snmln tusnakin akk s iws n yat tmslayt, ad tt igan d tmẓla tamusnakt. Tssn tsuta tiss XX yan ubuɣlu amqran ɣ tusnakt s yan uẓlay n taɣulin, d tlalit d usmɣr n kigan n iẓlan imaynutn (zun d : tiẓri n wakat, tiẓri tanwlaft, tusndɣart n ljabr d tnzggit n ljabr). Ula tasnslkimt illa dars yan yiḍiṣ f usiggl. Ɣ yat tsga, issrxa amyawaḍ d udraw n tussniwin, ɣ tsga yaḍnin tfka yan imiss i ussmnid s imdyatn. Amussu ad yiwi d asmudm d uszwl.

Tusnakt: Amzaray ngr tunɣilin