Tutlayt Takurdit
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Takurdit d-assaɣ ay ssxdamn i snat n tutlayin yttmcabin mliḥ, ttmslayn-tnt wazal n 13 n yimlyunn n ymdann ɣ tama-nni n asya umi qqarn kurdistan. tamnzut d tutlayt takurmanjit (nɣ takurdit n ugafa), ma d tis snat d tutlayt tasuranit (nɣ takurdit n wnẓul), ay ttmslayn wazal n 2.800.000 n ymdabn du lɛiraq akk d 3.000.000 n ymdann ɣ iran. takurmanjit, tin ay ttmslayn waṭas n mddn, ad tt-naf dɣa s waṭas ɣ ¨tturk, anda ay llan 4 n yimlyunn n mddn ay tt-yttmslayn, ɣ ugafa n lɛiraq, ɣ surya tt-ttmslayn 500.000 n mddn, ɣ arminya (100.000 n ymsiwln) akk d ɣ iran (100.000). llan diɣ wid yttmslayn takurdit takurmanjit ɣ jyurjya akk d azrbiǧan, maca ur nẓri ara acḥal, zun d wakkn ay llant diɣ trbbaɛ timcṭaḥ n yikurdiyn ay izdɣn ɣ tmura tibrr'aniyn (azal n 70.000 s ujmmal), ladɣa ɣ lubnan akk d turuft, ɣ yiwunak yddukln (usa) akk d kanada. wid yttmslayn takurdit tasuranit wwḍn ɣr 6 n yimlyunn s ujmmal, ma d wid yttmslayn takurdit takurmanjit wwḍn ɣr wazal n 7 n yimlyunn, xas ma ylla llan kra ay d-yqqarn d akkn wwḍn alammi d 20 n yimlyunn. yuɣ lḥal, maci mrr'a ikurdiyn yllan ass-a d wid ay yssnn ad mmslayn tutlayt-nsn imi tamsrtit (assimilatiun) tssawḍ aṭas sg-sn ad ǧǧn takurdit, yrnu llan ula d imdann yttmslayn tutlayin nniḍn, zun d tguranit nɣ tadimlit (d tutlayin tihndurufiyin ay yttmcabin wagar-asnt, maca mgrradnt ɣf tkurdit), yrnu ḥsbn iman-nsn d ikurdiyn, d aya ay yttaran tikwal lḥsabat wɛrn.
| Tutlayt Takurdit | |
|---|---|
| Zimanê Kurdî — زمانی کوردی — Kurdî — کوردی | |
Imsiwln imlalutn | tutlayt taymmat: 21 000 000 (2007) |
| Agmmay alatini, Agmmay aɛrab d Ssirilik | |
| Ingaln n tutlayt | |
| ISO 639-1 |
ku |
| ISO 639-2 |
kur |
| ISO 639-3 |
kur |
| Glottolog |
kurd1259[1] |
| Wikipedia |
ku |
 | |
Ɣ Iran snfl
90% zɣ yikurdiyn ttidirn ɣ tudrin, ma d wiyaḍ d imksawn itddun zɣ adɣar ɣr wayaḍ. mbɛd ma sɛddan cḥal n yisggʷasn s ddaw n lbaṭl n udabu n iran, ssawḍn yikurdiyn ad sbeddn taskla yuran s tutlayt nnsn ɣ tmurt n iran, yernu si 1984, tenqes mliḥ ccedda ɣf tkurdit ɣ iran imi ay izmrn yikurdiyn ad ɣrn tutlayt nnsn ɣ tmiwa nnsn, ɣ tmurt ad. aṭṭas n tsufaɣ (ḥublicatiuns) ay d-yeffɣn zɣ yimir-n, yernu ikurdiyn n iran sɛan ula d tisgilin n unzway yettmslayn s tutlayt nnsn ɣ iran.
Ɣ Turkya snfl
Ɣ 1938 ay tettwagdel tkurdit yernu s kra n win ara tt-yemmeslayen ɣ berr'a yezmer ad ixelles' tafgurt (amende). ɣ tallit-a taberkant ay sɛeddan yikurdiyen, tutlayt-nsen tesr'uḥ aṭas seg wennar-is, aṭas n yikurdiyen ay yuɣalen d isnutlayen (bilingues), yernu ciṭṭaḥ kan maḍi seg-sen ay ilemden ad ɣren u ad arun tutlayt-nsen. ɣ 1961, asmi ay d-tesbedd tturk tamenḍawt (constitution) tamaynut, bdant a d-teffɣent tsufaɣ (publications) tikurdiyin, tikwal s snat n tutlayin, maca aṭas deg-sent ay yettwagedlen akken kan d-ffɣent. yernu si 1967 alammi d taggara n yiseggasen n 1980, adabu aturki ikemmel kan yettzeggid ɣ ccedda ɣef tkurdit yernu yesbedd-d aṭas n yisuḍaf (leqwanin) i yes ara sen-yerr takmamt i yikurdiyen, ur ttmeslayen, ur ttarun tutlayt-nsen. d acu kan, ɣ 1991, yekkes unabaḍ aturki agdal-nni-yines ɣef tkurdit, yernu xas ur d-qqimen ara aṭas n yikurdiyen ay yettmeslayen takurdit ɣ tturk , maca ttwalin d akken tutlayt-nsen d aḥric yesɛan azal meqqren ɣ tnettit-nsen. ma ikurdiyen n arminya, aṭas n leqdicat ay d-uran s tkurdit takurmanjit ɣ tallit tasuvyatit.
| Tinglizit | Talalmanit | Takurdit | Taclḥit |
|---|---|---|---|
| very | sehr | Zor / fre | bahra |
| drop | tropfen | drope/dlope | timqqit |
| great | groß | gewre | imqquren |
| hope | hoffen | hêvî / hîwa | anaruz |
| moon | mond | mang/heyv | ayyur |
| earth | erde | erd/herd | akal |
| evening | abend | êware/êvar | azemz |
| honey | honig | hengwîn | tamment |
| beautiful | schön | cwan | afalkay |
| here | hier | êre | ɣi |
| iron | eisen | asin | uzzal |
| brother | Bruder | bra | gma |
Ẓeṛ ula snfl
- The Kurdish Institute of Paris: Language and Literature
- Kurdish Language and Linguistics, at Encyclopedia Iranica (article written by Ludwig Paul)
- History of Kurdish Written Literature, at Encyclopedia Iranica (article written by Philip G. Kryeenbroek)
- Kurdish Language Initiative of Seywan Institute
- Kurdish Institute of Istanbul
- KAL: The Kurdish Academy of Language
- Kurdish Language Academy in Iran
- Kurdish Kurdish links and language information, dictionary etc.
- Online Kurdish-English Dictionary
- On-line Kurdish-English Dictionary
- Online English to Kurdish to English Dictionary (By Erdal Ronahî)
- Online Kurdish-German-Kurdish Dictionary
- Online Kurdish-English Ferheng Dictionary
- Online Turkish-Kurdish-Turkish Dictionary
- http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Linguistics-and-Philosophy/24-942Grammar-of-a-Less-Familiar-
- Comparison between alphabets used in Kurdish
- Southern kurdish phonetic
- Gorani Influence on Central Kurdish
Isaɣuln snfl
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds (2017). "Tutlayt Takurdit". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/kurd1259.