Taqrṭajt

cité-État, emporion, ville antique
Asakud n ussrsl nɣ isllwi	9e siècle av. J.⁠-⁠C.
Ism ɣ tutlayt taẓuṛant	𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕
Participant à	guerre de Pyrrhus en Italie
Gentilé	cartaxinés, cartaxinesa, cartaxinés, cartaxineso
Tamnẓawt	Tafriqt
Tamazirt	Tuns
Tamaẓunt n	Royaume vandale, Exarchat de Carthage, civilisation carthaginoise, délégation de Carthage
Asdɣr amssugur	Exarchat de Carthage
Baigné par	Ill Agrakal
Ismlan ijɣrafiyn	36°51′9″N 10°19′24″E
Jumelage ou partenariat	Uccle
Événement clé	bataille de Carthage, siège de Carthago Nova, expansion de l'islam, guerre des Vandales, bataille de Carthage
Date de dissolution, d'abolition ou de démolition	146 av. J.⁠-⁠C.

Taqrṭajt niɣ d Qrṭaj tga s yat tklit awank d tiɣrmt Tafiniqt ɣ taɣart n yill n tfriqt tagafant (ɣilli ɣ tlla Tuns ɣilad), tkka tt inn tga ili akkʷ issugrn, akkʷ idusn, akkʷ yusɛan ɣ kullu mad issutln i yill agrakal.

Ibḍa umzruy nns s smmus n izmaz, ad tn igan d ɣwid:

Taqrṭajt taqburt (Tagdudant Tabuniq), gr 814 ar 146 DT
Taqrṭajt Taṛmmuyt, gr 146 ar 439.
Taqrṭajt Tawndalust, gr 439 ar 534.
Taqrṭajt Tabizanṭit, gr 534 ar 698.
Taqrṭajt Tamuslmt, gr 698 ar 1270.

Ism

Tga "Tqrṭajt" yan usmazɣ i tguri "Qart Ḥadact" iga unamk nns: "Tiɣrmt Tamaynut". Igrikn fkan as ism n Karchedon lli rad sul tg dar Yiṛmmuyn "Cartajo".

Amzruy

Tuṣka n tɣrmt

Tettyawbna Tqrṭajt ɣ usggʷas n 814 DT f ifassn n yat tgldunt Tafiniqt ism as "Didu" (mqqar illa yan umrara n wawal iggutn f tilit nns), tzug tmɣart-ad s tmazirt n Yimaziɣn acku f tmurrant da iskar gʷmas Pigmalyun ɣ tmazirt n ma iga ɣass-ad Lubnan.

Aflla n yat twrirt taggʷyilel n yill agrakal a ɣ tbna "Didu" tiɣrmt n Tqrṭajt, tg nn gis yan uftas imẓẓiyn ar gis tbddadn iɣrruba, tili gis tsbbabt.

Isagurn n Tqrṭajt

Rad tssnti tɣrmt n Didu ad ttimɣur kud lli rad d srs ackn yat tgrumma n imzwagn Yifinqn dffir uslak n Walikṣanḍr Azarraf i tɣrmt n Ẓuṛ illan ɣ Lubnan ɣ usggʷas 332DT. Awin d ditsn akkʷ ayda nnsn. Imikk s imikk rad tiwrri Tqrṭajt tga yan iɣrm iflujjan illan d ugayyu nns.

Iqrtajn rad darsn tili yat tzdayt tamyaɣt d Yimaziɣn (Ayt tmazirt) slawan gisn taqbilt n Masaysili (Masaesyli) igan yat tqbilt Tanumidt, lli rad tg yan ugzzum ɣ tsrdast nnsn, gn gis kra n imnayn cwanin. Ɣakud ann ilmma rad tftu Tqrṭajt aylliɣ tumẓ mad ur idrusn ɣ ikaln, ɣ tfriqt n ugafa tlkm ar Andalus. Tg xtalli akkʷ issugrn, d tnbɣurt n tmizar n uwzan agrakal.

Imiɣn ibuniqn

Tlla yat tgzirt tama n iṭalya ism as Tasqillit, tkka tt inn ttyawbḍa ngr tnbaḍt n Ṛuma ɣ yat tsga, d tin Tqrṭajt ɣ tsga yaḍni, ɣaylli yadda isrgn ɣ yan imiɣ da as ssaɣn ism n "Imiɣn Ibuniqn" lli ganin yat tsrslt n imiɣn ngr sin iwunak ad, imiɣn-ad gan kṛaḍ ɣ wuṭṭun, d rad ggurun s yan ufrag Aṛmmuy i Tqrṭajt ikkan kṛaḍ n isggʷasn d lliɣ rad jdrn Yirmmuyn akkʷ mad illan ɣ Tɣrmt tg ilmma ɣar iɣd.

Addad asrtan ɣ uwzan Agrakal, 150 DL

Imaziɣn illa darsn yan yiḍiṣ bahra mqqurn ɣ imiɣn-ad.

Asfris n Ḥanibaɛl, tasnniɣt n Lufr

Taqrṭajt Taṛmmuyt

Ukan ɣilad lliɣ gan Yiṛmmuyn agʷri i Tqrtajt, rad stin yat tɣrmt yaḍni ism as "Utiqa" nttat a rad tg tuẓẓumt n tnbaḍt nnsn, rad iɣama waddad f ɣik ad ar azmz n Yulyus Qizar lli iskrn ad daɣ ibnu tiɣrmt, smmus n isggʷasn f tmttant nns ha nn Taqrṭajt tbuɣla daɣ, is akkʷ tumẓ adɣar i tɣrmt n Utiqa.

Ftant tɣawsiwin daɣ f mayann aylliɣ tt zban Yiwndaln ddu ugllid nnsn Gaysrik ɣ usggʷas 439.

Azwag n Yiwndaln s Tqrṭajt ɣ uzmz n tmnukda Taṛmmuyt.

Taqrṭajt Tawndalit d Tbiẓantiṭ

Iwndaln utn afus, bbrqcn ssɣ yida astratijiy lli illan dar tmdint n Tqrṭajt afad ad bbin iɣarasn i iɣrubba nna ɣinn zraynin, ar tn ttakʷrn. Urmn Yiṛmmuyn ad tt inn daɣ ssaḍun s darsn macc bla amurs, iqqan d fllatsn ɣilad ad ssikdn s tgldit n Yiwandaln i ugzzum ann n Tfriqt n ugafa, skrn ditsn yan ikmrbbi (tamyaqqant) n ufra.

Tagldit n Yiwndaln.

Agllid Awndal amggaru "Glimr" igan Amasiḥiy Aryusiy rad iskr yat tiniɣit i Yimasiḥiyyn Imkṛaḍn, mayad rad nit isfurrg Amnkud Aṛmmuy n ugmmuḍ igan ula ntta Amkṛaḍ, s tmrarut rad as yazn yat tsrdast rad tnru iwndaln s tirxi, tfḍḍu d uṭuf nnsn i tmdnt.

Taḍuṛi n Tqrṭajt

D utwant n Lislam, rad nrun Isrɣinn Ibiẓanṭiyn ɣ tmaɣt n Tqrṭajt, isrɣinn rad nit smrdukkun tamdint, ẓẓun ɣ ibiẓanṭiyn, bnun tamdint n Tuns, rad gis thllun, lliɣ ffuɣn isrɣinn ackin d iwunak imuslmn n Yimaziɣn macc ur as fkin bahra d atig, d ɣ usggʷas n 1270, fln tt akkʷ middn, ur rad sul gis izdɣ ḥtta yan.