Iga Lḥajj Blɛid (s ism nns ummid: Blɛid u Brik Dda Bihi; s tɛṛabt: الحاج بلعيد; s tfṛansist: Lhadj Belaïd) yan ṛṛays amaziɣasusiaclḥi. Ilul gr 1870 d 1875 ɣ Wanu n ɛddu ɣ Idaw Baɛqil, immt ɣ 1945. Ig yan ɣ tmatarin mqqurnin n usnulfu amaziɣ ɣ tsga ittuyassann ɣilad s Sus d idɣarn lli ɣ tettyusawal tutlayt taclḥit. Ur nssin kigan f umzruy nns mqqar nẓḍaṛ ad nini mas tmun d isnifiln mqqurnin lli issn yiffus n Lmɣrib ɣ tasutin ann timggura zɣ ma d-ggʷran imɣarn mqqurnin satn ar ṛẓẓan inkan lli f tbidd tamtti taqburt ar srusn iwutta (iggutta) n idawn (idɣarn) d tmyurin yaḍn inmalan d tudrt ingʷan ɣ tgadirin nnsn mqqurnin. Rad iniɣ, mas d lliɣ d ggʷran imɣarn mqqurnin zun d Amtuggi, Aglawi... d wiyyaḍ, fkan udm yaḍn i tnbaḍt ɣ tsga ad kksn-tt zzɣ ifassn n inflas n tqbilt; ɣmk-ann nit ad satnt(?) tɣawsiwin yaḍnin, zun d amarg d insayn iqburn, ar ttffuɣn igr nns amtti ar lssan timlsa yaḍn inmalan d isnulfutn lli d ssggʷran-d inbaḍn-ad.[1]
Paulette Galand-Pernet, lli yaran kigan n tzrawin f umarg d insayn isusiyn, tnna ɣ warratn nns lli d tsfaɣ ɣ usggʷas n 1972, mas iga umarg n Rrways timdyazin n imariren mi ur ig tawwuri nns amr amarg; ar tnt skarn, gin-asnt tiyyt nnsnt, ar zzrign timizar s tiyyaḍ, ilin f kran trabbut ɣ llan iɛzrayen ittlmadn anaw ad n umarg; amzwar n trabbut-ad ad igan Ṛṛays.
Iɣ nsawl f ṛṛways, idrus ma ɣ ar nttettu Lḥajj Blɛid; acku nttan ad ifln titggarin ittusllan. Lḥajj Blɛid, ṛṛays amdyaz nnɣ atrubadur, ifl timitar-nns ɣ umarg amaziɣ ɣ tsga n Sus. Ilul ɣ Wanu n ɛddu ɣ tsggiwin n Tiznit. Ur nssun man asggʷas ad ilul, illa may tinin mas d illul gr 1870 d 1875. Nnant krant tmsiggilin (Alexis Chotin d Paulette Galand-Pernet) mas rad dars ilin 60 n usggʷas ɣ usggʷas n 1933. Tawja-nns ur teṭṭif yat, sul mmtn ayt dars lliɣ sul imẓẓiy. Iffɣ timzgida ikcm i kraygat anaw n twwuri afad ad irar mas ictta tiram zun d tayssa, ccmutiyt iheyyaden lliɣ ilkem Taẓṛwalt, lli ɣ ittyumḍal yan zzɣ igʷrramn imqrann n SusSidi Ḥmad u Musa.
Taẓṛwalt lli igan adɣar s nn akkʷ ttasin middn aḍan a ɣ innurẓm wul-nns s umarg d uẓawan. Ikcm ad ig anlmad ɣ trabbut ismann kra ɣ inmɣurn n umarg n tizi-ann. Ur izri yat s lliɣ isker ntta yat trabbut, lkmntinn wiyyaḍ. ,Munn i umarg d rribab zun d Muḥmmad Budrɛa, Ali Aswiriy d Mbaṛk belleḥsen ; ig tiswar i idukan-nns ar ittkka timizar d tqbilin ; tizi yan ad yurar aylli nit sul ittnunuyn ɣ imzgan n imsfliden imaziɣn. Awin-t ibrdan ar tigmma n inmɣurn n tqbilin d inflas n Lmxzn ɣ Sus. Tugt n turarin-nns ar mmalnt idrfan mqqurnin n tudrt-nns.[2]
Amarg nnes Iga yat tugga f isnifiln imttitn ittmnid ɣ imi n tasut tis 20 ; tizi lli n kcmn imɣarn Sus, iḍfr tn inn fransis ; d mamnk as ẓḍaṛn ad snfln tummnda n mddn snfln timlsit i ussan nnsn.
Yurar Lḥajj Blɛid f tayri, amuddu, isnifiln n tamtti n Sus d tamɣribiyt, asɣan, d kigan n yan ad yulsn i turarin lli d ifl s mkli tnt nit iskr nttan, nɣ s imassn yaḍn zun d Iẓnẓarn Ccamx, Ɛmmuri Mbark, Ḥmad Amntag, Lḥusayn Amntag... Ttyawskarn fllas kigan d isiggiln zun d walli nit nbdr n Paulette Galand-Pernet, win Bn Iḥya Lḥusayn gw Wijjan, Muḥammad Mustawi d wiyyaḍ.
Amzzri n iwutta (passport) n Lḥajj blɛid da ɣ ittyura mas illul ɣ 1875.
Irwas is d ilul Lḥaj Blɛid ɣ ixf n tasut tis 19 gr 1870 d 1875, ɣik lli s nnant Alexis Chottin d Paulette Galland. Iga yiws n usklu n Ayt Da Bihi, yucka-d zzɣ Ibaɛqiln. Immut as babas Bihi Da Brik lliɣ sul imẓẓiy. Iddr timẓi-nns d mas Rqiya illis n Ɛli n udwwar n Tamaɛit lli illan ɣ tsga n Imsggin tama n Ugadir. Idda iɣra-d ɣ timzgid ɣ udwwar lliɣ d nit illul Anu n ɛddu ɣ tsga n Tznit, tkka-tt-in tawja-nns ur teṭṭif yat, ayann ad yujjan innas ad t-tssfɣ zzɣ tmzgid bac ad ig amksa. lliɣ tt-inn ikka ar itdda ad ikssa izammarn ar bdda dis itawi taɣanimt-nns bac ad sis ilhu ixf-nns, ɣik ann a's ssnn middn is dars mad itini ɣ umarg.
Lliɣ-d yurri Lḥajj Blɛid s Fransa ɣ usggas n 1938, yumẓ urgaz ad "ttrita" nns ɣ taẓuṛi. Lliɣ idda ad d-ikk dar Aglawu Thami ɣ ammas n Taliwin, ihrc yuḍn ixf nns kran 3 imalasn aylliɣ immut ass n 15 Mayu 1946. Mḍln-t ɣ tamdint n Wanu n ɛddu ( Aḍwwaṛ lli ɣ nit illul ) . Ɣ wass n 30 Mayu 1938, iffɣ as "lpassport" nns ɣ Ugadir lli ɣ ittyura mas d ilul ɣ 1875.[3]
Yurar Lḥajj Blɛid f tayri, amuddu, isnifiln n tamtti n Sus d tamɣribiyt, asgd. Kigan n yan ad yulsn i turarin lli d-ifl s ɣik lli tnt nit iskr nttan, nɣ s imassn yaḍn zun d Iznẓarn Ccamx, Ɛmmuri Mbark, Ḥmad Amntag, Lḥsayn Amntag ... Ttyawskarn fllas kigan d isiggiln zun d walli nit nbdr n "Paulette Galand-Pernet", win "Ben Iḥya Lḥusayn gwijjan", "Muḥmmad Mustawi" d wiyyaḍ.
Amarg n ṛṛays Lḥajj Blɛid iga yat tugga f isnifiln imttitn ittmnid ɣ imi n tasuta tis 20; tizi lli ɣ nn-kcmn imɣarn Sus, ḍfrn-tn inn ifṛansisn; d manmk a's ẓḍaṛn ad snfln tummnda n middn snfln timlsit i ussan-nnsn.
Ɣ tudrt-nns, iskr Lḥajj Blɛid kigan n umarg, ɣwid ad bahra zgisn ittussan :
Lmɣrib
