Sus
Hann tasna n udɣar amzray d tamazirt n Sus ad tga xta ! Amma tasna isawaln f tsga n Sus-Masst lli igan yat zɣ tsgiwin n Lmɣrib ha tt xtad ad-t igan.
Tga Tmazirt n Sus (s tfinaɣ: ⵙⵓⵙ, s taɛrabt: سوس, s tfransist: Souss) yat tsga bahra istawhmman ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib, slawan akkʷ s umzruy, tadlsa d trakalt nns, tbḍa f snat tsgiwin Sus-Masst d Glmim-Asif Nun. Ayt sus gan iclḥiyn ar sawaln tutlayt taclḥit. Tettussan tsga ad bahra s taddagt n wargan lli gis illan, ur tlli ɣ awd mani yaḍn. Tg ula udɣar nna ɣ bdan imnkad (empires) mqqurnin zun d Imrabḍn, Imwaḥḥidn, Isɛdiyn d tgldit n Tẓrwalt dɣ nttat.
Tga Sus yat tsga nna ɣ tlla tfllaḥt iggutn, ilin gis tugt n tmssntay, tettussan s tamallayt ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib. Tamaẓunt nns tga tt tmdint n Ugadir, tg tamdint lli akkʷ gis imqqurn d nttat ad yusin tadamsa n tmazirt n Sus. Ilin daɣ timdinin yaḍnin zun d Tiznit, Tarudant, Ayt Mllul, Inzggan, Ayt Baha, Byugra, Tafrawt, Ifni, Ṭaṭa, atg.
Tarakalt ssnfl
Sus tga yat tmazirt nɣ tasga illan ɣ unẓul utrim n tgldit n Lmɣrib. Tg tasga nna ɣ illa uṭṭun akkʷ imqqurn n imssiwln s tutlayin timaziɣin ɣ tgldit. Tutlayt nnsn tga taclḥit.
Ɣ tmazirt ad ar nttafa idrarn n Waṭlas Mqqurn ɣ ugafay nns d idrarn n waṭlas mẓẓiyn ɣ tuẓẓumt nns. Adrar lli akkʷ gis imqqurn iga tt adrar n Sirwa lli illan gr aṭlas mqqurn d way mẓẓiyn. Ar tlkkm tiɣzi nns uggar n 3 304 m. Ar gis zrayn yan wasif bahra ittussan att igan Asif n Sus.
Timdinin nns imqqurn gan tn Tiznit, Tarudant, Ayt Mllul, Inzggan, Ayt Baha, Byugra, Tafrawt, Ifni, Ṭaṭa, Wlad tayma, Bizakarn, Masst, Taliwin ... Tg Agadir tamaẓunt nns
Iwtta imzrayn ssnfl
Ar ttglamn id bu umzruy n uzmz amuslm Sus mas tga Tamazirt n Igizuln, nẓḍaṛ ad nini mas fkan i udɣar arakal yat taskta tanfgant, mayad isnamk mas d Sus tga tamazirt n Igizuln.[1] Isnml Ɛabdlwaḥd Almuṛṛakuci tamazirt n Sus ḍaṛt ma f isawl f Mṛṛakc, inna: « Mṛṛakc ad akkʷ iggʷran ɣ tmdinin mqqurnin n Lmɣrib nna gis ittussann, d ur tlli kra n tmdint yaḍn ḍaṛat nns ittubdarn nna ɣ rad tili tɣrma, abla kra n tmdinin mẓẓinin ɣ Sus Al Aqṣa. Tlla yat tmdint mẓẓin ism as Tarudant, nna igan tamaẓunt n Sus, d nna ɣ ttmunan imzdaɣn nns (imzdaɣn n Sus zɛma) d yat tmdint mẓẓin ism as Zujundar, nna illan ɣ iggi n uẓṛf, tettuzdaɣ zdar willi swurrin ɣ usufɣ n ma illan ɣ uzara ann, amma ɣ tmazirt n Igizuln, yat tmdint igan tamaẓunt nnsn tga s yism Lkest. Ɣ tmazirt n Lmṭa, yat tmdint yaḍn ism as ɣd nttat Lmṭa, timdinin ad llant ḍaṛat n Mṛṛakc, s ma iẓlin s Tarudant d Zujundar, kcmɣ sisnt d ssnɣ tnt, is akkʷ sul ssnɣ inmudda d itjjarn d wiyyaḍ, slawant akkʷ tmdint n yizaran ittussann ddu yism n Zujundar, amma tmdint n Igizuln d tin Lmṭa, middn n idɣarn ann ka d tnt ittkkan. »[2]
Timdinin mẓẓinin ittubdarn zdar Almuṛṛakuci zɣ Tarudant ar Lmṭa ttussann ɣassa ddu yism n Sus, acku inna : « Timdinin timẓyanin n Sus Al Aqṣa, ɣ tilawt, Al Yaɛqubi ɣ tasut tiss IX iskr ɣ Sus Al Aqṣa d tamdint zun d ukan tmdinin n Tamdult d Masst. Kkant tt inn tmdinin ad zɣ tmdinin tixatarin n Sus. Nniɣ: Amma Tamdult, ur sul tsul ɣassa, d Masst nttat tsul da ttimɣur. Dɣya siɣ isbuɣla Al Yaɛqubi tannayt nns inna: " d Sus tlla ɣ ḍaṛat n udrar n Drn, ad t igan d Waṭlas Mqqurn, d ar itthyyu ɣ Nul Lmṭa ɣ d ttbddu tmnaḍt taṣḥrawit ».[3][4] Ayad irwas tannayt n Al Bakri ɣ tasut tiss XI, lli ittglamn Sus s tmnaḍt illan ḍaṛat n udrar n Drn bac ad thyyu ɣ Nul Lmṭa, nna ɣ tbddu tnzruft.[3]
Ibn Xaldun ntta ar ittglam Sus Al Aqṣa zun d kullu ma illan ḍaṛat n Mṛṛakc, nna ɣ tlla Trudant d Ifran d ar tthyyu ɣ ugmmuḍ ɣ unafar n Dra, ar gis izray asif n Sus ar yill.[5] Asnml ad ad bahra nttafa ɣ uzmz n imariniyn zun d adɣar n twalit n irgayn, Imariniyn nttni yadlli bḍan Lmɣrib f smmust tmnaḍin n twalit n irgayn. Tawalit ad ad nttafa ula ɣ uzmz asɛdi. Sin isugam ad ittsddidn i usnml ad; amzwaru iga t Aglam n Tfriqt, nna ɣ ittinni bab nns Ḥasan Al Wazzan: « Rad salaɣ ɣilad tasga n Sus, lli illan ḍaṛat n Waṭlas, ɣ iffus, mnid n tmazirt n Iḥaḥan, ifttun ɣ tagut zɣ yill, d itthyyun ɣ iffus ɣ umlal n tnzruft, ɣ iẓẓlmḍ llan idrarn n Waṭlas. Ɣ ugmmuḍ, ar uɣbalu n wasif n Sus, nna ɣ d tiwi tsga ad ism nns »[6]. S ma iẓlin s usagm wiss sin: Asggaz n twalit n irgayn n Aḥmad Almanṣur Addahbi, ittussann ddu yism n « Diwan n tqbilin n Sus »[7], ar gis nttafa ismawn n tqbilin tisusiyin ittussan ɣ uzmz ann. Ittusmras ism n "Sus" bac ad sis snamkn adɣar ittusnmln s isugam nna nbdr zɣ tuddma n uzmz aɛalawi ar ɣassa, ad t igan d udɣar illan ḍaṛat n Waṭlas Mqqurn ɣ iffus ar tnzruft d zɣ yill aṭlanti ar asif n Dra ɣ ugmmuḍ.
Ɣ udlis n Sus Al Ɛalima n bab nns Muḥmmad Lmuxtar Asusi, ar ittsnml Sus ɣmk ad: « [...] Ar nttɛni s Sus aylli illan gr waddarn n iffus n Drn ar tnzruft, zɣ Wad Nun d tqbilin nns Tkna d Rakaybat d wiyyaḍ ar tsgiwin n Ṭaṭa d Sktana. »[8]
Amzruy ssnfl
Yan ccarij nna ɣ llan kigan d waman ad iskrn ɣ Sus yat zɣ tsgiwin lli akkʷ iblsn ɣ tgldit n Lmɣrib tasutin f tasutin ayad. Ittussan ɣ mad idrusn zɣ tasut tis yat d mrawt s tadlsa nns d usifḍ n sskkʷaṛ. Azmz n wurɣ n tmazirt n Sus tlla ɣ jwayh n tasut tis sa d mraw ɣ uzmz n tagldit n Taẓrwalt, tkka tt inn ɣ uzmz ann tga tmazirt n Sus yat tmazirt istaqlan s yixf nns d tstaɣlla ɣ akud ann tasbbabt n wassay aṣḥrawi n wurɣ d uznz n sskkar i isbbabn ibrṭqqizn, ihulanḍiyn d inglizn. Ammas n tsbbabt n bṛṛa ɣ akud ann ikka tt inn ɣ Ugadir, yat tamdint illan ɣ iggi wasif n sus s kra n 10 id kilomitr[9].
Tutlayt ssnfl
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Ar sawaln isusiyn s taclḥit lli igan yat tutlayt tamaziɣt illan ɣ tamazirt n lmɣrib, middn li sis isawaln gan Iclḥiyn. nttat ad igan tutlayt tamaziɣt tamzwarut ɣ wuṭṭun n imssiwln d tiriwt n udɣar arakal nna tumẓ, llan uggar gr 8 ar 10 id mlyun ar sis sawaln.
Tettusawal Tclḥiyt ɣ Sus, Iḥaḥan, Lḥuz n Mrrakc d kra n tsggʷin yaḍnin asn d iwalan. Tumẓ tutlayt taclḥit zɣ Taṣṣurt ɣ ugafa ar Aglmim ɣ unẓul ar Warzazat ɣ ugmuḍ. Mac ar tin ntafa tlla ula ɣ timdinin mqqurnin n lmɣrib zun d Tigmmi Tumlilt, d Rṛbaṭ d Sla.
Tkattin taclḥit ar tt taran s uskkil aɛrab nɣd alatini, ilin tugt n arratn s tclḥit s uskkil aɛrab. Ɣ isggʷasn ad ggʷranin isfɣ usinag agldan n tussna tamaziɣt anaw amaynu n tifinaɣ ar as tinin Neo-Tifinaɣ ntat ɣila as tt taran willi as ssnin. Mqqar twuri lli d iskr usinag agldan, agmmay alatini d waɛrab ad akk iggutn slawan ɣ lWib d wantirnit.
Taclḥit kcmn tt iwaliwn n taɛrabt mac nttat ad igan tutlayt tamaziɣt nna idrus is as kcmt iwaliwn iɛrabn, urd zun d taqbaylit d tarifit d tutlayin timaziɣin yaḍnin ..., nẓḍar ad nini mas d nttat ad igan tutlayt tamaziɣt nna akkʷ iṭṭafn uṭṭun imqqurn n iwaliwn iẓuran ɣ tmaziɣt, zun d amdya d izwiln nna illan sul ɣ wawal aclḥi ar ɣassa. Ɣayn ad yujjan tutlayin timaziɣin yaḍnin atn usin zɣ taclḥit afad ad tn skcmn s wawal nsn.
Imzdaɣ ssnfl
Ayt sus gan yan ugdud zɣ igdudn iclḥiyn imaziɣn[10].
Timdinin tisusiyin ssnfl
Tiqbilin tisusiyin ssnfl
- Laxṣaṣ
- Idagarsmuk
- Idakwaran
- Idakwakmar
- Idaw Amḥmd
- Idaw Baɛqil
- Idaw Brahim
- Idaw Blal
- Idaw Buzya
- Idaw Tinst
- Idaw Zal
- Idaw Zdut
- Idaw Zdaɣ
- Idaw Zkri
- Idaw Ziki
- Idaw Smlal
- Idaw Finis
- Idaw Ktir
- Idaw Knsus
- Idaw Gniḍif
- Idaw Ltit
- Idaw Martin
- Idaw Mnu
- Idaw Niḍif
- Arɣn
- Actukn
- Aksimn
- Amanuz
- Ammln
- Alanṣaṣ
- Wlad Jlal
- Wlad Mimun
- Wlad Yaḥya
- Awnayn
- Ibrkakn
- Ayt Aḥmad
- Ayt Alḥsn
- Ayt Alxms
- Ayt Alrxa
- Ayt Alsaḥl
- Ayt Almɛdr
- Ayt Alnṣ
- Ayt Awɣan
- Ayt Awfra
- Ayt Awqa
- Ayt Awkadir
- Ayt Awkrḍ
- Ayt Awklw
- Ayt Awmribṭ
- Ayt Ifran
- Ayt Ikas
- Ayt Ilukan
- Ayt Baɛmran
- Ayt Baha
- Ayt Baha Awmlal
- Ayt Brayyim
- Ayt Bubkr
- Ayt Buɛṭa
- Ayt Bunuḥ
- Ayt Bwalṭib
- Ayt Trudant
- Ayt Tidli
- Ayt Tiznit
- Ayt Tifawt
- Ayt Tikni
- Ayt Zkri
- Ayt Jrar
- Ayt Jml
- Ayt Aḥmd
- Ayt Ḥrbil
- Ayt Smik
- Ayt Ṣwab
- Ayt Ɛbdallah
- Ayt Ɛbdallah Awsɛid
- Ayt Ɛtman
- Ayt Ɛli Waɛla
- Ayt Ɛmirt
- Ayt Ɛin
- Ayt Falas
- Ayt Masst
- Ayt Mẓal
- Ayt Musa
- Ayt Musa Awɛli
- Ayt Milk
- Ayt Wadrim
- Ayt Warḥu
- Ayt Wasa
- Ayt Wasu
- Ayt Wafqa
- Ayt Walyaḍ
- Ayt Wikman
- Ayt Yḥya
- Ixulan
- Iduska Izdar
- Iduska n uflla
- Irḥḥaln
- Iznagn
- Isaffn
- Isakn
- Isktan
- Ismukn
- Isndaln
- Issi
- Iṣbuya
- Iɣcan
- Iɣir Mluln
- Ikunan
- Ikunka
- Ilaln
- Iliɣ
- Imjjaḍ
- Imstitn
- Imskin
- Imcgigiln
- Imntagn
- Induzal
- Ihrkitn
- Iwaziwin
- Bizakarn
- Taẓrwalt
- Tasrirt
- Taskdlt
- Taṣdmit
- Taṭawin
- Taɣjijt
- Tafndilt
- Takmut
- Takna
- Tamnart
- Tudma
- Tucka
- Tuflɛzt
- Tikiwin
- Tiyuwt
- Alxnafif
- Aldu Drar
- Izwafiḍn
- Imi n ugadir (Fm lḥṣn)
- Qṣur Ṭaṭa
- Alqliɛat
- Kṭiwt
- Alknasis
- Mzdakn
- Lmnabha
- Mir llft
- Huwwara
- Turkuz
- Tafrawt
- Tafrawt lmulud
- Ilɣ
- Anmalus
- Mrayt
- Ayt Mnṣur
Tiwlafin ssnfl
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Udmawn ssnfl
- Ibn Tumrt, argaz lli d ibdan imbraṭurya n Imwaḥḥidn
- Aḥmad Ɛaṣid, aslmad, amɣnas, anḍḍam, amara, amzraw amɣribi
- Aḥmad Adɣrni, amara, amɣnas, buyzrfan d ar ittdafɛa f izrfan n ufgan amaziɣ ɣ Lmɣrib;
- Ɛabdllah Zakur, amɣar d amɣnas mgal ifransawiyn ɣ tsga n Sus;
- Muḥammad Muxtar Asusi, amara d aɣlnaẓri amɣribi d argaz asrtan;
- Iznzarn, tarabbut tamaziɣt n umarg;
- Ɛaziz Axnnuc, argaz n iskkinn nna akk itrfḥn ɣ Lmɣrib, iṭṭaf tuggt n lmacariɛ, ig amawsas n tafllaḥt;
- Muḥammad Bn Sliman Al-Jazuli, amɣar n taqbilt tamaziɣt n Iguzuln;
- Ɛabdrraḥman Buftas, argaz asrtan amɣribi d argaz n iskkinn;
- Ḥassan Abuyub, argaz asrtan amɣribi;
- Muḥammad Ḥaṣad, argaz asrtan amɣribi;
- Salaḥ Mzili, argaz asrtan amɣribi;
- Mḥammd Bihmdn, argaz n tsrtit d iskkinn d bu-lmacariɛ;
- Muḥammad Xayr-Ddin, amara amɣribi;
- Salwa Idrissi Axnnuc, talmudirt n trabbut n Aksal - Morocco Mall;
- Tahar Bimzzaɣ, Amudir n Koutoubia;
- Saɛid Muḥammad Faḍil, bu-lmacariɛ, bab n Petromin Maroc ;
- Jamal Rraji, bu-lmacariɛ, bab n Atay Sultan;
- Saɛd-Ddin Lɛutmani, wazir amzwaru.
Uggar ssnfl
Imlan yaḍnin ssnfl
Idlisn ssnfl
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Isaɣuln ssnfl
- ↑ Muqaddima - Ibn Khaldoun
- ↑ Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi, Al-mu'jib fi talkhis akhbar ahl al-Maghrib
- ↑ 3,0 et 3,1 الشعر العربي في سوس بين الاتباع والإبداع: خلال القرن العشرين
- ↑ مسألة النقود في تاريخ المغرب في القرن التاسع عشر
- ↑ مساهمة في دراسة تاريخ علاقة الدولة بالجهة : مونوغرافية سوس
- ↑ معلمة المغرب: قاموس مرتب على حروف الهجاء يحيط بالمعارف المتعلقة بمختلف الجوانب التاريخية والجغرافية والبشرية والحضارية للمغرب الأقص
- ↑ ديوان قبائل سوس: في عهد السلطان احمد المنصور
- ↑ المعسول في الإلغيين وأساتذتهم وتلامذتهم وأصدقائهم 1-21 سوس العالمة
- ↑ ( fr ) Wikimazigh.com - L'histoire de Souss
- ↑ Tribus de Souss - 16 uktubr 2010